Series of international expositions between 1876 and 1916, the expositions were upper-class creations controlled locally and nationally prominent elites. The construction centered on the interpretation of Darwinian theories about racial development and utopian dreams about America's material and national progress. The idea of social reality were succeed by reputable anthropologists and well-financed showman. Also the midway of the fairs made elites to turn toward popular culture and it reflected their efforts to establish cultural hegemony. The most important features of these fairs were emphasis on white supremacy as a utopian agency, and muted class division among whites that provided shared national purpose. The influence of America's international exposition afterall permeated the nation's arts, political system, and economic structure along with its original purpose of reflecting American culture.
Key terms:
- Social Darwinism:Applied Darwin's theory of natural selection and "survival of the fittest" to human society -- the poor are poor because they are not as fit to survive. Used as an argument against social reforms to help the poor. Social Darwinists justified the increasing inequality of late-nineteeth-century industrial American society as natural.
- railroad strikes of 1877:A group of railroad workers on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad rose up and began to strike due to wage cuts. This spread up and down the railroad line across the nation. Railroad roadhouse were torched. President Rutherford B. Hayes sent in troops to stop the strike. 100 people died in the strike
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Citations:
Rydell, Robert W. "Conclusion." In All the World's a Fair: Visions of Empire at American International Expositions, 1876-1916, 234-237. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1984.
Lorenzo. "Thinking Out Aloud." : The Misbegotten Birth of Macro. September 1, 2012. Accessed March 13, 2015. http://lorenzo-thinkingoutaloud.blogspot.com/2012/09/the-misbegotten-birth-of-macro.html.
Questions:
How does American world's fair different from the international exposition in the other countries?
How much did the American economy got benefited from the international exposition?
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